Protective, “anti-reflux”, the function of the lower esophageal sphincter is ensured by keeping the tone of his muscles, of sufficient extent sphincter area and the location of the sphincter area in the abdominal cavity. – painful changes in the stomach, which increase the severity of physiological reflux. – transient episodes of relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter Among them: – failure of the lower esophageal sphincter Some of factors contribute to the development of reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. – the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus accompanied by the development of clinical symptoms, inflammation/ damage of the mucosa of the esophagus. – episodes of reflux are registered in the daytime and/or nighttime Gastroesophageal reflux should be considered as painful, if it has the following features: – frequent and/or prolonged episodes of reflux – at night the frequency of refluxes small. – duration of refluxes and their frequency during the day small Gastroesophageal reflux is a normal physiologic manifestation, if it meets the following criteria: – develops, main by the way, after eating When casting these substances in the stomach can also occur their promotion into the esophagus. Prolonged exposure of the esophageal mucosa to acid content of the stomach, in addition, contain digestive enzymes, contributes to the development of inflammation.īile acids, enzymes, bicarbonate, included in the content of the duodenum is also able to produce strong damaging action on mucous of esophagus. With the development of gastroesophageal reflux acidity in the esophagus is significantly shifted towards lower values due to the ingress of acidic stomach contents. In contrast, the contents of the esophagus has a pH value close to neutral (6,0-7,0).
The acidity of the stomach contents at a rate of 1.5-2.0 (low acidity due to the secretion of hydrochloric acid). The term “gastroesophageal reflux” refers to reverse the progress of the contents of the stomach through the lower esophageal sphincter into the esophagus.
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